useRoute
useRoute is a hook which gives access to route object. It's useful when you cannot pass the route prop into the component directly, or don't want to pass it in case of a deeply nested child.
useRoute() returns the route prop of the screen it's inside.
Example
import * as React from 'react';
import { Text } from 'react-native';
import { useRoute } from '@react-navigation/native';
function MyText() {
  const route = useRoute();
  return <Text>{route.params.caption}</Text>;
}
See the documentation for the route prop for more info.
Using with class component
You can wrap your class component in a function component to use the hook:
class MyText extends React.Component {
  render() {
    // Get it from props
    const { route } = this.props;
  }
}
// Wrap and export
export default function (props) {
  const route = useRoute();
  return <MyText {...props} route={route} />;
}